Abstract: As we all know, the prefix "geo-textile" stands for "earth," and the word "textile" refers to thread,yarn or fabric. Therefore, the geo-textile is described as follows in accordance with ASTM 4439:"A permeable geo-synthetic comprised solely of textiles. Geo-textiles are used with foundation, soil, rock, earth, or any other geotechnical engineering-related material as an integral part of human-made project, structure, or system."Geo textile can be a single constructed material or a composite material depending on usage & the origin can be both natural and man-made.

The ASAE (Society for Engineering in Agricultural, Food, and Biological Systems) defines a geo-textile as a "fabric or synthetic material placed between the soil and a pipe, gabion, or retaining wall: to enhance water movement and retard soil movement, and as a blanket to add reinforcement and separation." A solid network that maintains its relative structure during handling, installation, and long-term use should be the foundation of every geotextile. Geo-textile cloth, agricultural fabric, and geo-synthetic are further terminology that are utilized by the industry for comparable materials and uses.

Keywords: Roads, Geo-textile , Jute Geo-Textile , Soil stability

1.      INTRODUCTION:

One type of fiber that tackles geo-technical issues is jute. It is made of several types of coir geotextile, jute geotextile, and blends of various fibers. Geotextiles can be used to manage mild landslides, eroding slopes of roads and railroad embankments, river embankments, and the management of solid waste. They can also prevent railway track settlement. Currently, roughly 20,000 tons of jute are utilized worldwide for geo textiles, making up about 2% of the market. Since 1980, the jute geo textile market has grown by twofold.

Jute geo textile has some benefits. It is biodegradable and does not degrade soil fertility. It is highly hygroscopic and can absorb water as well as help consolidate soil, increase soil flexibility, and, most importantly, it is less expensive than synthetic fibers. Because raw materials are locally available, this item can be produced in the country's jute mills. This can even be made from low-quality jute

In Bangladesh,Jute geo textile has previously been used locally in projects such as the Hatirjheel project, the road from the Prime Minister's office to Agargaon in the capital, the Pakulla-Lawhati road in Tangail, the 7 km road between Dhaka and Sylhet Highway, Thanchi-Alikadam road, Pathoraj river bank protection,Noabenki-Garazehat-Harinagarhat LGED road Shayamnagar. It is now used all over the world, including the United States and Australia. It is less harmful to the environment than traditional geotextiles. Bangladesh is the leading producer of jute geotextiles. It's a novel concept, and if the use of geo textiles could be expanded, jute demand and cultivation would skyrocket.

Fields of geo-textile application

The main functions of geo-textiles make them suitable for application to many practical problems (Ingold& Miller, 1988). These are a few of the applications:

•         Yards and temporary roads

•         Permanent highways

•         Permanent road repair

•         Railway lines

•         Soft ground embankments

•         Applications for drainage

•         Applications for retaining walls

•         Erosion prevention

The majority of these applications are especially well suited to the geological features found in many parts of India, Bangladesh, South-East Asia, China, and Japan. In these areas, large areas of alluvial and marine deposits contain soft clay with high compressibility and low shear strength. Even with minor superimposed loads, they cause stability and settlement issues.Geosynthetics have been widely used in various construction projects in India in recent years. These materials are highly resistant to biological and chemical degradation, and they have the tensile strength and permeability required for direct ground treatment applications. Geotextiles made of natural fibers, such as jute, have high permeability but are biodegradable and have lower tensile strength in general. They have not received as much attention as geosynthetics. As a result, their application has been limited thus far.

A practical observation of soil erosion control and slope stability using jute

geo-textile on Dhaka Sylhet highway

Name of the Project:

Soil Erosion Control and Slope Stability Using Jute Geo-textile on Dhaka - Sylhet Highway

Design By : DR. ZAHID HOSSAIN PRODHAN

National Resource Person

Member, International Geo-synthetic Society (IGS),

USA

Member, International Erosion Control Association

(IECA), USA

Managing Director, Arcadia Property Development

Ltd. (APDL)

Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Implementing Agency:

Roads and Highways Division

Govt. of Bangladesh

Funding Agency:

World Bank

&

Govt. of Bangladesh

Project Brief:

The project aims to control erosion and protect the slopes on the Dhaka Sylhet Highway, which stretches for 7 kilometers near Bhairab, about 80 kilometers from Dhaka. created by

Dr. ZahidHossainProdhan developed this low-cost mechanism for erosion control and slope protection using locally available raw materials such as Jute. The full-scale model was first successfully tested by Arcadia Property Development Ltd. (APDL) in the premises of BJRI (Bangladesh Jute Research Institute) and then implemented by BJRI in the Pakulla-Lawahati Road Project in Delduarupazilla, Tangail District.

Salient features of Technology:

1.       It  improves the stability of reinforced earth structures.

2.       It creates an environmentally friendly interaction between the soil mass and the Jute Geotextile. The section of the Dhaka-Sylhet Highway that requires protection from soil erosion consists primarily of sand-silted soil that is prone to damage and erosion from floods and other natural processes. The use of Jute Geotextiles for erosion control and slope protection is likely to provide the best solution. Jute Geotextile Benefits: Jute Geotextile is significantly less expensive than any other synthetic fiber available locally. It blends easily with soil mass to provide stability. Jute Geo textile is both environmentally friendly and unprocessed jute is water repellent which has a phobia towards water.

IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS

Materials => Carrying => Treatment =>Labour =>Logistics

Miscellaneous =>Design & Supervision

Stage 1: Jute Fabric Chemical Treatment:

Jute fiber typically swells and degrades in water within six months. As a result, some chemical treatment is required to extend its life. Jute Geotextile is expected to last for about ten years after treatment. Among the treatments are:

1.      Treatment for rot prevention

2.      Treatment  for removing natural impurities

3.      Treatment with a material of a specific density

4.      Treatment with a viscosity-specific material

5.      Grease treatment based on calcium.

6.      Treatment for improving flexibility

Stage 2: Filtration and drainage

1.      Geotextile made of jute

2.      Horizontal Drain Preparation

3.      Vertical Drain Preparation

Stage 3: After levelling, dressing, and manual compaction to a specified level, Jute Geotextile is laid in accordance with the approved design.

Types of Jute Geo-textiles (JGT) selected for Bangladesh

^v              For rural road Construction : 627,724,and 760 gsm (woven)

^v                 For river Bank Protection : 627 Gsm (woven, Bitumen or otherwise treated)

^v                 For Hill Slope Management : 500,600 and 700 gsm (open Weave)

Application of JGT:

3.2 Organizations Involved with jute Geo-textile Project

^v              Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET)

^v                 Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRI)

^v                 Soil Resources Development Institute (SRDI)

^v                 Local Government Engineering Department (LGED)

^v                 Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB)

^v                 Roads and Highway Department (RHD)

^v                 Special Works Organization (SWO) of Armed Forces Division

^v                 Bangladesh Jute Mills Corporation (BJMC)

^v                 Janata Jute Mills Limited (JJML)

^v                 Arcadia Property Development Ltd. ( APDL)

^v                 Jute Diversification Promotion Centre ( JPDC )

Proposed Strategy for jute geo-textile:

Bangladesh must diversify in order to reclaim the golden age of jute. Jute Geotextile is one of these elements of various approaches. Jute geotextile is becoming increasingly popular in the international market. The following steps can be taken to increase demand and hold the jute geotextile market.

The supply and demand principle underpins all market economics. The goal is to constantly increase demand while also balancing supply and demand. If supply fails to meet demand in the market, the purchaser has a reliable alternative sources of supply.